Wart - symptoms and treatment

What is warts?Causes of incidents, diagnosis and treatment methods will be analyzed in a dermatologist's article with 37 years of experience.

Determination of disease.Cause

Wart-This is an uneven light neoplasm of the skin in the form of local growth of the upper layer of the skin (epidermis) with papules (nodules) or plaques.

The frequency of warts in adults is 7-12 %, in children's schools up to 10-20 %.

Warts are very similar to other skin neoplasms.Usually, one cannot independently determine the disease, so to make a diagnosis, it is necessary to contact a dermatologist.

The cause of the appearance of warts is human papillomavirus.The variety of warts that can grow depends on the type of virus.Therefore, each type of human papilloma virus affects the fabric at the most characteristic localization.

HPV type	Considerably Localization	The type of warts
1	Feet, knees, palms, Brush, fingers	Subanari and Palmar warts, Sometimes -Then - a simple wart
2, 4	Hands, fingers, knees, Less common - a step footprint	The warts are simple, Sometimes - Sometimes - plantar, palmar and mosaic warts
3, 10	Shin, hands, face	A flat wart
7	Brush, fingers	Warts
5, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 17, 19-24	Face, hands, The front of the body	Verruchymic epidermodysplasia

Infections with viruses usually occur in the path of contact - with direct and healthy skin contact (for example, with handshake) or indirect (by hand, toys, etc.).Therefore, it is possible to be infected with human papillomavis virus in various places - in public transport, at school, at work, home, in places with high and humid relationships (ponds, sauna, gym).Small injuries of the epidermis in which the virus, as well as inflammation of the skin, contribute to the infection.

Also, the appearance of warts contributes to:

• Immunodeficiency (including HIV infection);
• warm and humid environment;
• The need for professional relationships with meat and fish ("meat warts").

Some types of human papilloma viruses are transmitted from parents.

But from Toads and Frogs, despite the most feared horror stories in children, you cannot be infected -this is one of the most popular myths about the disease that has no reason.

If the same symptoms are detected, consult your doctor.DON'T MAKE SURE - it's dangerous to your health!

Symptoms of warts

Depending on the type of warts, the symptoms will vary.

Normal warts:

• Conventional solid papule is conventional in size of 1-10 mm and larger.
• The papule surface is covered with cracks, layers.
• If dad is in his finger, then the trail is gone and disturbing.The same goes for palm painting.
• Easy warts are located both single and several pieces -they usually appear in the largest places of injury (hands, fingers, knees).
• When examining with a dermatoscope, doctors can see small brown eyes - clogged (clogged) capillaries.Patients often call eyes like "roots".These are the main features for doctors: dermatologists can distinguish warts from other similar diseases (for example, moluskus and contagious keratomas).

Social warts (horns):

• The main symptoms caused by the patient usually consult your doctor are pain when pressing and walking.
• The warts are usually located on the feet.
• When contacting a doctor, as a rule, uneven plaque of the usual color can be seen, although in the first stage you can see the papule smooth.With keratinization, capillaries can only be seen if you remove a layer of keratin.
• The skin pattern is distorted.
• Usually, plantar warts are single, but there are 2-6 pieces;
• Often, these warts are confused with corn (especially with dry) - with a description of this problem, patients usually come to acceptance.

A flat (young) strength:

• In appearance, this is a round, clear, smooth papule, pink or brown in 1-5 mm colors.
• Appears in the hands, lower legs, very often on the face.
• There are usually some such warts - they are located in groups.

Epidermodisplazia Verrucilia (Senile warts):

• Large rounds combine normal, pink or brown neoplasms.
• It often appears on the face, hands, front of the body.
• You can confuse it with keratoma, lichen and skin cancer.

The pathogenesis of warts

If a human papillomavirus enters the body in a latent state for a long time - one usually does not know about its existence.When the factor looks good for the virus, it begins to "reproduce" in the epithelium, leading to changes in the tissue.

Unlike other viruses, human papillomavirus does not destroy epithelial cells - they die on their own, of course - in the process of keratinization and exfoliation.

The spread of infection is influenced by local factors and the condition of the immune system.Therefore, people with HIV or kidney infections are more subject to the development of warts.In addition, these neoplasms are often difficult to treat.With normal immunity, this virus does not affect the deeper layers of the skin, so many people have their own warts after a few months.

The main stage of the emergence of warts is to accelerate the rate of division and growth of cells with the virus.Metabolism that is so fast leading to the thickening of the skin.As the fabric grows in small, small, tubercle occurs, called warts.

Classification and stage of warts development

No universally recognized warts classification.However, some of the most commonly found types can be distinguished:

• The usual warts- The most common type (70 % of warts is exactly).Such neoplasms are not felt and only cause aesthetic discomfort to a person.
• Social warts- It appears on the feet, painful, so it requires treatment.Such warts are facilitated by skin injuries due to uncomfortable, narrow, rubbing.
• A flat wart- More often they appear in young people, teens.This is due to the unstable hormone background for young people, affecting the whole body.Usually flat warts are almost invisible.
• Senil warts- against parents.It often appears on the body, which is covered with clothing, but can meet on the face and hands.If there is no discomfort, it is not worth treating warts such as parents can happen more slowly, which is in young people, because of slow metabolism.

Other authors distinguish some of these types of warts:

• Mosaic warts(HPV 2, 4) - Neoplasms in the palm of the hand and foot.They look like hyperkeratosis focus, which is thickening of the skin layer (usually on the front of the foot), covered with deep cracks.
• Cystic warts(HPV 60) - a very rare type of neoplasms in the foot.It is a soft knot with cracks.When opened, white-yellow emissions appear, similar to cottage cheese.
• Warts- Thin horns near your mouth, nose or eyes.
• "Butchers" warts(HPV 7) - appears in the hands and fingers of people who are constantly in contact with meat and fish.They are presented in the form of hypertrophied neoplasms similar to cauliflower, but are normal.

In addition, the type of warts is distinguished depending on their localization.

Therefore, angental warts - tumor -shaped neoplasms that appear on the genitals (especially in places of skin transition to mucous membranes) are often found.They are usually caused by HPV 6 and 11.

Warts complications

The main reason why patients with warts go to a doctor is aesthetic defects that can affect the quality of life of the patient, self -confidence and develop many complexes.Complications also include cracks of warts and participating in infections, and with some types of warts - pain during walking.

In malignant neoplasms, skin warts are usually not reborn, they are quite harmless, but in very rare cases, such complications can still occur in people with suppressed immunity.

Other complications arise when trying to get rid of neoplasms freely.In this case, inflammation and aesthetic defects in the form of scars may occur, as well as the spread of viruses on the skin, which is why one can get up with some new ones in the morning after a free removal of one wart.

Keep in mind that under the name of a completely different disease can be hidden, which cannot be determined without consulting an experienced doctor.

The diagnosis of warts

Usually, to make a diagnosis there is sufficient examination (clinical picture) and a collected history (medical history).

To confirm the diagnosis, doctors can conduct histological studies - a neoplasmic cell study.

It is very important to perform a differential diagnosis - to distinguish warts from other diseases.For example,The usual wartsIt is necessary to distinguish from the following illnesses:

• Contagioine mollusk- More often appears in the body and genitals, less frequently in the hands and feet.It is a hemisphere by pressing on the surface, when pressed from the side, "shiny" white.
• Epidermal warty nevus- More often alone, one is born.It rises on the surface of the skin, often covered with hair.
• Bazalioma- The tumor is in the form of a nodule roller, in the middle with a crust.That exists for the elderly.

A continuous ladomary wartIt is necessary to distinguish from the following illnesses:

• Keratoderma- large areas of keratinization and inflammation of the skin.No capillaries are shabby.
• Ladomary-zerosids- A variety of painless neoplasms, along the edge, skin laying.The reaction to syphilis is positive.
• Corn- Usually painless, can cause pain only by pressing vertical.

Doctors should also distinguish the remaining types of warts from several diseases.In the event of other pathologies, it may prescribe additional diagnostics (for example, the identification of antibodies for viruses, CT or MRI).

Wart treatment

Wart treatment is performed for aesthetic purposes and improves the quality of life of the patient.It can be prescribed only by the doctor after proper examination and diagnosis.Free attempts to eliminate warts are unacceptable, as patients without medical education and the necessary equipment are unable to determine the disease, and such complications are "treatment" more frequently than recovery.

There are several methods of treatment for the treatment of warts.All of them are usually performed under the supervision of a doctor, and some of them - only in the office of the clinic procedure office.

A method of chemical treatment

To get rid of warts, dairy-salicylic Collidia applications and salicylic plaster are used.The percentage of drugs and its methods of use (wearing plasters, applications, etc.) depends on the prevalence and localization of neoplasms.

Circus and 2-Chlorpropionic acid solutions can also be used.In this case, the chemical composition is used on the pre -processed surface, which is left on the warts until the color change (depending on the type of warts).This procedure is repeated several times after 7, 14 and 21 days.Prior to each procedure, the fabric was removed mechanically.

Other chemical methods are a combination of nitrogen, acetic, oxalic, lactic acid and copper nitrate trihydrate.In this way, only relatively small neoplasms are treated - up to 5 mm.The solution is also left until the color of the warts changes.After 3-5 days, the patient comes to the control technique, if necessary, he or she prescribes the second procedure after 1-4 weeks.

Cryodestruction

This method consists of freezing of warts with liquid nitrogen: the swab that is moistened to the damaged skin (with the surrounding tissue capture in several mms) for 1-5 minutes.The destruction of some neoplasms requires several procedures with four weeks.

The main drawback of cryodestruction is the pain and the effects set compared to another method where only one procedure is often sufficient to remove.

Electrocoagulation

Under the influence of electrical current, the warts are removed according to the coating.Such surgery is performed under local painkillers.

This method is more effective than cryodestruction, but it has a significant subtraction: electrocoagulation often leaves scars in the removal of warts.For patients handled to eliminate cosmetic defects,This method will not be the most appropriate one.

The destruction of laser

With the help of laser, warts are also removed in layers.Svetoper comes in contact with the skin from a few seconds to three minutes, depending on its size.Then the veil appeared, and the bottom of the wound was again treated with laser.The patient is then instructed about the method of processing the wound.The operation itself was carried out under the influence of local anesthesia.

Radio wave surgery

Radio wave surgery is one of the most modern and gentle methods for removing some benign neoplasms, including warts.

This method is based on the generation of electromagnetic waves with different frequencies: from 100 kHz to 105 MHz.During the procedure, the tissue is against the passing wave, as the molecular energy is released in the cell, which heats the skin.Under the influence of heat, cells are actually evaporated - neat slices are obtained.At the same time, no mechanical effort is on the affected fabric.

The advantages of this method:

• safety;
• rapid healing of wounds;
• Good cosmetic effects - scars and scars excluded;
• Local relative-analgesic pain is used before mini operation;
• The exception of the secondary infection is due to the automatic disinfection of the electrode when the device is turned on.

The effectiveness of this method is recognized worldwide, however, it is difficult to find a clinic where radio wave surgery methods are used.

What is the method of treatment to choose

All of these methods have several drawbacks:

• In the first few weeks, the operated area has an unattractive appearance - the crust, the darkness of the fabric.This must be taken into account if the warts are on the visible part of the body (for example, in the face).
• Unpleasant odor and some stages of pain during surgery.

In addition, each of these methods has contraindications that need to be found on the initial consultation of the dermatologist.

But the main minus isRepeated high probability, especially if warts are common, wide.With each of these methods, doctors do not fight the main cause of the disease, but with the consequences, since todayHuman papilloma virus cannot be cured.

Therefore, therapy is directed:

• or destruction of neoplasms arising at the site of virus introduction;
• or to stimulate antiviral immune response;
• or in a combination of this approach.

Often, damaging methods of treatment are used.Its effectiveness reached 50-80 %.

For treatment surgery, the age of children is usually not contraindicated.Therefore, many of them (including radio wave surgery) are used to treat warts in children.Exceptions are chemical removal of warts due to possible reactions to the material.

What to do after surgery

After any operation, make sure you follow the advice of the attending physician.

After removing any neoplasm -where the method is presented, the doctor usually prescribes the processing of the removal.It is forbidden to remove "crust" freely, wet wounds and expose it to sunlight.

If the patient is constantly experiencing warts, then he or she should consult a immunologist-it may need drug therapy, which will increase immunity resistance to human papillomavirus manifestations.

Forecasts.Prevention

If the patient has no immunodeficiency, then the warts can pass on their own, but this takes a lot of time - from a few months to several years.Therefore, in 65 % of cases, the warts are freely damaging for two years.If two years later, the warts are still in place, then it is recommended to remove it.Various neoplasms are recommended for immediate removal.

With normal immunity and proper removal method (depending on the size and type of warts), it is possible to eliminate pathogenic tissue and achieve a good cosmetic effect.With reduced immunity and other predisposition factors, the human papilloma virus causes relapse.

The specific prevention of the disease does not exist.But is it inevitable?

You can reduce the likelihood of a virus if you follow some rules:

• Do not go barefoot in a public place where it may injure the skin and be infected with a virus (pool, public shower, gym).
• Choose high quality shoes, change more often.Try to make your feet dry.Heat and moisture are an excellent environment for the spread of human papilloma virus.
• To avoid protective warts, go to the manicure only for the certified master and make sure they use a sterile device.

For the prevention of anogenital warts, according to the WHO (World Health Organization), a four -person vaccine from the human papilloma virus is also very effective.For the prevention of other types of warts, the vaccine does not exist.

If you find one wart, then do not try to burn, cut it yourself, cut it - so you can contribute to inflammation and resettlement of the skin virus.After such "removal" is not a wart in the morning, you can get up with ten.